地方公共交通の衰退や費用負担などは日々の報道で取り上げられますが,真の原因が取り上げられることはほとんどありません。地方鉄道を再生する際に現れた真の原因と,多様なステークホルダーを相手に再生の道筋を付けるまでの過程と落とし穴をご紹介します。
本セッションは発表テーマを設けず,幅広い分野からの英語による研究発表です。本年度はJPI-KSIEC Joint Symposiumを本セッションに組み込んで実施いたします。また学生および若手研究者から講演賞の選定・表彰を行います。KSIEC(Korean Soc. of Ind. & Eng. Chem.)から3件と国内から3件の招待講演を予定しています。
Biodiesel fuel production using encapsulated CaO and photothermal exchange material under light irradiation(10:30~11:00)
Takeshi FURUSAWA (Utsunomiya Univ.)
CaO catalyst-photothermal exchange material-loaded alginate capsules were proposed in this study as a novel capsule type reactor for the methanolysis of rapeseed oil to biodiesel fuel (BDF) under light irradiation. It was revealed from the obtained results that CaO (100 mg/g-oil)-active carbon (0.5 mg/g-oil)-loaded capsules exhibited the best performance (BDF yield: 60% for 1 h and 90% for 6 h) under light irradiation with a full wavelength range (3.6 W). Under these reaction conditions, the BDF phase contained only 0.37% Ca from the CaO catalyst with a capsule breakage rate of 53%.
Bio-hydrogen production from carbon monoxide by microbial water-gas shift reaction of the hyperthermophilic archaeon(11:00~11:30)
Tae Wan KIM (Chonnam Nat'l Univ.)
Thermococcus onnurineus , which had been isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal vent area in 2002, was known to be able to grow on carbon monoxide (CO) evolving hydrogen (H2) via water-gas shift (WGS) reaction (CO + H2O → CO2 + H2O). In this study, a biological continuous process was developed to produce H2 from CO. For this purpose, continuous fermentation of T. onnurineus was carried out in a 2.5 L stirred tank bioreactor with varying dilution rate, CO supply rate, or agitation speed. It was observed that both cell growth and H2 production rate (HPR) were linearly correlated with dilution rate unless CO was not limited. HPR has also been observed to increase linearly with CO supply rate or agitation speed, mainly due to an increase of gas-liquid mass transfer. Based on the lab-scale results, the pilot study was performed in a 1000 L gas-lift type bioreactor using CO-containing industrial off-gas as a raw material for CO. As a results of continuous cultivation of T. onnurineus on steel mill by-product gas, HPR reached a maximum value of 250 mmol/L/h, which corresponds to a daily production of 50 Nm3.
Lower alkane oxidation in bacterial cells(11:30~12:00)
Akimitsu MIYAJI (Tokyo Inst. Tech.)
Alcohol synthesis from lower alkane, which is very difficult for human beings establishing, is proceeded in bacterial cells at room temperature and pressure. In this presentation, the results regarding the product selectivities exhibited by the enzyme responsible for the lower alkane oxidation in bacteria, and structural property of the reaction field common to the enzyme and zeolite in the expression of their product selectivities are shown.
Catalytic transformation of C1 gases to value-added chemicals(14:15~14:45)
Jeong Gil SEO (Myongji Univ.)
The utilization of C1 gases, such as methane, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide, has been attracting great attention as a critical challenge for addressing global issues on fossil fuel depletion. Also, methane and carbon dioxide are known as greenhouse gas that contributes 35 % of overall greenhouse effect, and thus causes serious climate change. However, both methane and carbon dioxide is highly stable due to the strong bonding energy of C-H and C-O, respectively, making them hardly transformable to any other chemicals. In order to tackle this, many strategies have been developed for catalysis by enzymes (mimics) and catalysts. However, the catalytic activity in terms of conversion and yield for desired products is still remain as a challenge. In this talk, some case studies on heterogeneous catalysts for utilization of each methane and carbon dioxide and both together to value-added chemicals, such as methanol, formic acid, and acetic acid, will be delivered with emphasis on mechanistic insight how the catalytic activity could be controlled. Non-precious metals such as Cu, Fe, Zn, Ce, and etc., were employed as active site for each reaction. Various surface spectroscopic tools including NMR, FT-IR, and XPS, and ab initio calculations (DFT) were conducted to deduce plausible mechanism of catalytic transformation of C1 gases over heterogeneous catalysts.
A modified heat transfer fluid as liquid organic hydrogen carrier(14:45~15:15)
Young Woong SUH (Hanyang Univ.)
In hydrogen storage regarded as an important issue in H2 economy, the recently emerging solution is a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) to store and release H2 under relatively mild conditions, showing a H2 storage capacity of 5-8 wt%. A challenge in LOHC system is to improve dehydrogenation efficiency because the reaction is endothermic and thus thermodynamically favorable at high temperatures; e.g., at least 270 °C is necessary for the dehydrogenation of (di)benzyltoluene. As a mean to circumvent this intrinsic problem, the strategy of introducing N atom into aromatic rings of LOHC has been developed. In this work, a structure of heat transfer fluid (Sasol Marlotherm LH) has been modified by addition of N atoms and, additionally, methyl groups. Consequently, the approach is believed to be successful since the dehydrogenation rate is much faster over commercial Pd/C. Also, when the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions are repeated, the dehydrogenation efficiency is measured to be nearly constant, revealing the chemical stability of our LOHC compound. However, Pd catalyst is not found to be fairly stable due to Pd sintering. The present work on catalyst stability will be presented on site.
Selective etherification and oxidation for fine chemical synthesis using recyclable solid catalyst(16:00~16:30)
Yoshihiro KON (Nat'l Inst. Adv. Ind. Sci. & Tech.)
Fine chemicals are important building blocks to make various goods that are widely used in our daily life such as electronic devices, cosmetics, perfumes and medicines. We herein demonstrate some catalytic reactions which are useful to generate ethers and oxides as fine chemicals under environmentally benign conditions.
本シンポジウムでは,2017年4月より開始されたスーパー認定事業所制度に焦点をあて,その認定要件の一つである「IoT・ビッグデータ・AIの保安への活用」に関する政府の取組みの方向性,および,装置の信頼性向上や操業の安全性向上の分野における先進的な取組みや研究事例の紹介を企画しました。下記6件の招待講演と1件の一般講演を予定しています。
スーパー認定事業所制度とIoT・ビッグデータ・AIの保安への活用について(13:30~14:00)
経済産業省 山中悠揮
2017年4月より開始されたスーパー認定事業所制度について制度の概要とその認定に係る詳細要件等について説明します。またIoT・ビッグデータ・AI等を活用することで,事業所の自主保安力を高めていただくための政府の取組の方向性について紹介します。
三井化学における先進技術活用事例紹介(14:00~14:30)
三井化学(株) 江崎宣雄
日本の化学メーカはグローバル競争に勝ち抜くため,海外で汎用品を国内では高機能品の生産へシフトしている。しかし,国内拠点では設備の老朽化等の多くの課題に直面しており,変化することが迫られている。近年,AI,IoTに代表される情報技術の進歩も目覚ましく,ビジネスが大きく変化しようとしている。今回は次世代工場を目指して取組んだソフトセンサー,AI,ビッグデータ解析の活用事例について紹介する。
天然ガス製造業における配管腐食管理の実際(14:30~15:00)
アクセンチュア(株) 安並 裕
天然ガス製造業における,配管の腐食管理(CUI含む)をビッグデータを用いて,リスクマトリックスを作成し,保全タイミングを予測することで,関連する業務とコストを合理化した事例を説明いたします。
ビッグデータ解析手法による製油所安定操業対策に関する検討(15:15~15:45)
(一財)石油エネルギー技術センター 中塚康夫
近年,産業保安分野において,IoTおよびビッグデータ解析技術の活用が注目されている。(一財)石油エネルギー技術センターは,平成26年度からビッグデータ解析による配管腐食予測に取り組んでおり,本学会で紹介してきた。今年度は,配管腐食予測モデルを複数の製油所のデータに適用した場合の誤差・精度についてと,今年度新たに検討を開始した回転機の異常予兆検知について紹介する。
石油・石油化学プラントにおける現場作業の安全性と生産性の向上を目的としたソリューション(15:45~16:15)
シスコシステムズ(同) 筑瀬 猛
シスコシステムズは日本をはじめ各国でプラント・インテグレータと提携し,石油・石油化学などのプラント現場でのフィールドワークのデジタル化を推進しています。その中核となる防爆Wi-Fi技術は,わが社が企業オフィスを始めとするさまざまなエリアで培った無線品質と耐久性をプラント現場でも活用できる技術となっています。本講演では防爆Wi-Fi技術の紹介とともに,作業現場の安全性と生産性の向上を目的としたシスコのコミュニケーションやセキュリティ技術,提携企業の計装器やセンサ,作業管理システムなどを組合せたソリューション技術を紹介いたします。
不確実性に頑健なプラント操業に向けて―「人」と「AI」が拓く可能性―(16:15~16:45)
富士通(株) 岩崎哲嗣
プロセス産業の事業は,不可避的に,不確実性がある中での不確定性の強い(単純な最適解がない)問題を考え,意思決定する人間集団によって遂行される。(1)素材開発時点での新機能・新製造プロセス探索の困難性,(2)量産プラントでのプロセス(化学反応等)安定の困難性,(3)巨大高経年プラント設備リスクにつき予測制御の困難性が招く「単純なAI適用では解決できない問題」を乗り越えるには? プラント操業・保全での事例と展望を示す。